Parkinson's disease is a progressive degenerative neurological disorder. In Sweden there are 15 000-20 000 individuals affected by the disease.The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Oral diseases in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The material for the literature review was gathered in the medical database PubMed. Keywords used for the data research were ?Parkinson?s disease?, ?Oral diseases?, ?dry mouth?, ?gingivitis?, ?caries? and ?periodontitis?.

Senior citizens require a healthy oral cavity and healthy teeth in order to eat, speak and preserve their well-being. With age we know that the incidence and prevalence of diseases and symptoms originating from the oral cavity are more common compared to younger age groups. Senior citizens are the fastest growing population on earth, thus the need of healthcare providers with knowledge and skills in oral healthcare are in great demand.  The purpose of this thesis is to identify oral healthcare interventions and educational interventions which have been shown to improve oral health of residents over 65 years of age.  A literature review was conducted in which 15 scientific articles were scrutinized. Databases used were PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus. The results imply that good oral healthcare not only improve the oral health of senior citizens, but also prevents the occurrence of other diseases such as pneumonia and  improve the overall quality of life.

The aim of the present study was to examine smoking behaviour and motivation for smoking cessation in patients at a dental clinic. Another aim was to examine if the patients had been asked by the dental staff regarding their smoking habits.Twenty-two patients from a student clinic and twenty-one patients from a Swedish Public Dental Service Clinic in southern of Sweden participated in the study. Participants consisted of eighteen women and twenty-five men. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was directed at smokers. The questionnaire was answered in connection with the visit to the dental hygienist.The patients smoked between eight and twelve cigarettes per day and had on average smoked between 5 -15 years.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka sambandet mellan socioekonomiska faktorer, oral hälsa och oral hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Material och metod: Det gjordes en systematisk litteratursökning som gav totalt 454 träffar varav 24 artiklar var relevanta. Artiklarna granskades efter relevans och kvalitet och inkluderades därefter i studien. Resultat: Socioekonomiska faktorerna inkomst, utbildning, yrke, social status, kön och etnicitet var associerade med oral hälsa, dock var inkomst och utbildning det som var mest korrelerat med oral hälsa. Sämre oral status kunde verifieras med klinisk undersökning som oftast undersökte antal tänder, karies och parodontit, vilket antogs kunna påverka oral hälsorelaterad livskvalitet.

This report describes the nutritional requirements of the dog and cat. You are also able to learn about the most common diseases in the dog and cat where food has an important role in both prevention and recovery of these diseases. We describe FLUTD, canine urolithiasis, heart- and kidney disease, gastrointestinal diseases and obesity. You have to know the right balance between different nutrients to decrease the stress on the body and to prevent the advancement of the diseases. Finally we discuss the differences between three manufacturers of veterinary prescribed diets and two commercial pet foods..

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of midwives and gynaecologists at youth health clinics about their own thoughts of risks with unprotected oral sex and testing of orally contagious sexually transmitted infections (STI). The aim was also to investigate the level of knowledge of oral STIs. One further aim was to examine what they thought about the level of knowledge about oral STIs among adolescents and how common unprotected oral sex is within this group and if oral STIs/oral sex is brought up in the form of information or questions during STI-testing.Method Seventy-five youth health clinics all over Sweden were randomly chosen. A questionnaire was sent by mail to the clinics. It included questions about attitudes, knowledge about STIs and information exchange.

Diseases associated with monocytosis in Swedish dogs - a retrospective study. The purpuse of this retrospective study is to determine which diseases are associated with pronounced monocytosis in Swedish dogs. Records of 153 dogs with monocytosis were evaluated. The most common cause was infectious diseases (49%) of which pyometra was seen in 23% of the cases, cystitis and fever of unknown origin each in 13% and gastroenteritis in 12%. Cortison treatment was the second most common cause with 29%. A sixth of the dogs had non inflammatory diseases such as neoplasia, renal- and heartfailure.

My aim is to find out about teachers? perceptions of methods concerning learning and assessment of oral proficiencies. My questions are: What perceptions are there among teachers concerning assessment of oral proficiencies? How do teachers describe their ways of promoting and assessing oral proficiency? In order to answer my questions and obtain data I have accomplished two focus groups interviews with seven language teachers. The result shows that teachers are concerned with several factors regarding assessment of oral proficiency.

Year 2004 nearly 1000 new cases of oral cancer were diagnosed in Sweden. An early discovery increases the chances for survival remarkably. The dental profession has an important role in detecting oral cancer. Considering that dental hygienists probably will have a greater responsibility in the future when it comes to examinations, knowledge of oral cancer will be important for this profession. The aim of this study was to examine the dental hygienists knowledge of Oral Cancer in the county of Blekinge, Kalmar and Kronoberg, as well as their experiences in detecting oral cancer.

My aim is to find out about teachers? perceptions of methods concerning learning and assessment of oral proficiencies. My questions are: What perceptions are there among teachers concerning assessment of oral proficiencies? How do teachers describe their ways of promoting and assessing oral proficiency? In order to answer my questions and obtain data I have accomplished two focus groups interviews with seven language teachers. The result shows that teachers are concerned with several factors regarding assessment of oral proficiency.

The aim of our study was to examine the oral health status using an oral assessment guide, ROAG, among elderly people in a block of service. Another aim was to evaluate the elderlys perception of there own oral health using a questionnaire. The study were undertaken at a ward in Kristianstad, with 39 caretakers. 21 caretakers participated in the study. The assessment of the oral health status was done on the same individuals (n=21) who answered the questions in the questionnaire.

The histiocytic diseases are generally rare in dogs and not much is known about the disease. The disease complex that includes both a reactive form and a tumour form, is however common in certain breeds, among them the Bernese Mountain Dog. As the literature is very limited on the subject of histiocytic diseases, my aim with this thesis has been to gather current knowledge of these diseases. I have also attempted to estimate the frequency of the diseases among the Swedish Bernese Mountain Dogs and investigate if they appear to be more common among certain families..

The aim of this study was to examine retiared individuals view of oral health and dental care. A questionnaire was sent to three different retirement organizations and answared by 106 participants. Our studie showed that irrespective of education or health status, the majority considered oral health and dental care was important and will become so in the future. Most elderly individuals can consider getting help with their oral health with oral health care in the future. This studie showed that the elderly are concerned about their appearance.

Introduktion: Tandblekning har förekommit sedan mitten av 1800-talet och är en efterfrågad behandling inom tandvården. Missfärgningar beror på inre och yttre faktorer och för att bleka tänderna finns flera tandblekningstekniker. Väteperoxid och karbamidperoxid med varierande koncentration används.Syfte: Att beskriva hur tandblekning inom tandvården påverkar den hårda och mjuka orala vävnadenFrågeställningar: Hur påverkas oral hårdvävnad av tandblekning? Hur påverkas oral mjukvävnad av tandblekning?Metod: Litteraturstudie Resultat: Strukturen i emalj och dentin förändras och sensitivitet upplevs i både tand och gingiva. Pulpaskada uppstår vid blekning med 38 % väteperoxid.

Kunskaper i oral hälsa har betydelse för att sjuksköterskor på ett tidigt stadium ska kunna upptäcka olika sjukdomstillstånd i munhålan. Bristande kunskap i oral hälsa har rapporterats vara ett problem inom vården och därför behövs det ökad utbildning inom oral hälsa hos sjuksköterskor. Syftet med studien var att jämföra kunskaper inom oral hälsa mellan sjuksköterskestudenter i årskurs 1 och årskurs 3. Undersökningen skedde med användning av en strukturerad enkät som delades ut av studiens författare till sjuksköterskestudenter som gick årskurs 1 (n= 95) och årskurs 3 (n= 57) vid Högskolan Kristianstad. Studenterna ansåg sig ha bra teoretiska och praktiska kunskaper medan det i resultatet av kunskapsfrågorna framkom att det fanns brister.